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1987

Cut-and-paste Dance Music



When the cut-and-paste Dance collage Pump Up the Volume topped the Dance charts in the fall of 1987, it opened the floodgates for sampling in Dance music. Sampling was not a new technique or technology, but inexpensive digital sampling equipment made the technique widely accessible. The vogue for sampling led to some recordings made up entirely of other pre-recorded elements from a wide variety of sources. Soon, copyright law caught up with the use of these elements without permission and the frequency of use of sampling was significantly reduced by the early 1990's.

Sampling is the technique of taking a segment out of a previously created recording and utilizing it as a sound element (instrument line, riff, vocal segment) in a new recording. The origins of electronic sampling probably date back to the invention of Musique Concrete in 1948. Musique Concrete was the technique of taking recorded tape loops, altering them in some way such as by speeding up or slowing down, and piecing them back together to create a new recording. Musique Concrete techniques were exploited to great effect by various Rock artists in the 1960's including the Beatles on the Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band album.

The cutting back and forth between records by early Hip-Hop DJs in the late 70's and early 80's soon led to scratch mixing of particular elements from a wide variety of recordings. The mixing of Blondie, Queen, Sugarhill Gang and others into Grandmaster Flash's Adventures On the Wheels Of Steel is an excellent example of this form of sampling.

Arthur Baker 's used of sampled elements in his remixes of the mid-1980's brought sampling forward with more sophisticated use of technology. The introduction of Fairlight sampling computers made sampling techniques more efficient and cheaper for a wide variety of applications. Soon a number of Hip-Hop and Dance producers and artists were experimenting with samples.

Pump Up the Volume appeared in late 1987 and featured a host of samples from Eric B. and Rakim and Ofra Haza among many others. At around the same time, the first recordings by Bill Drummond and Jimi Cauty, as the JAMS (Justified Ancients Of Mu Mu) appeared. Their album 1987 (What the F*** Is Going On) featured long samples of music by Led Zeppelin, Abba, and the Beatles. Abba sued on grounds of copyright infingement and the album was eventually pulled from record stores.

Legal issues began to swirl around the practice of sampling even as such classics as the Timelords' (the new incarnation of Drummond and Cauty) Doctorin' the Tardis were released. Samples were incorporated into a wide range of music from De La Soul's acclaimed debut album 3 Feet High and Rising (using bits from Johnny Cash to Public Enemy) to Black Box's Ride On Time (using a sample from Loleatta Holloway's Love Sensation) . However, by the early 90's the legal backlash led to requirements to legally clear all samples used on recordings. Financial reality significantly reduced the wide-ranging use of samples by the mid-90's, but sampling has remained a significant element in a wide spectrum of popular music.

January



On her second consecutive hit album, Cyndi Lauper featured Change Of Heart, an aggressive Pop track with heavy synth drums and a guest vocal appearance by the Bangles. Madonna's Open Your Heart was a return to straightforward Dance grooves accentuated by Rock guitars. After success as a Pop songwriter, Robbie Nevil was signed to record his own album. The first single C'est La Vie, helped by remixes by Arthur Baker , was a major Dance and Pop hit.

Top 20 Dance Recordings

Expose - Come Go With Me (Arista)
Jackson, Janet - Control (A&M)
Johnson, Jesse (Featuring Sly Stone) - Crazay (A&M)
Jones, Grace - I'm Not Perfect (But I'm Perfect For You) (Manhattan)
Kraftwerk - Musique Non Stop (Warner Bros.)
Lauper, Cyndi - Change Of Heart (Portrait)
Madonna - Open Your Heart (Sire)
Mel and Kim - Showing Out (Get Fresh At the Weekend) (Atlantic)
Nayobe - Good Things Come To Those Who Wait (Fever)
Nevil, Robbie - C'est La Vie (Manhattan)
New Edition - Once In a Lifetime Groove (MCA)
New Order - Bizarre Love Triangle (Qwest)
Pet Shop Boys - Disco (EP) (EMI-America)
Pointer Sisters - Goldmine (RCA)
Q, Stacey - We Connect (Atlantic)
Starr, Brenda K. - What You See Is What You Get (MCA)
Sylvester - Someone Like You (Megatone)
Tia - Boy Toy (RCA)
TKA - Come Get My Love (Tommy Boy)
Williams, James (D Train) - Misunderstanding (Columbia)

February



The Cover Girls, a female trio from New York City put together by promoter Sal Abbatiello, released Show Me, a key album and title single of Latin-influenced Freestyle Dance music. Freestyle incorporated both the harder-edged synth beats and romantic Pop melodies and vocals. Ish Ledesma, former lead singer of Foxy and Oxo, put together Company B, a trio dressed in blue leather and white wigs who hit with their first single Fascinated. When the British ska group the English Beat broke up, the vocalists immediately went on to success as General Public. The group's guitarist and bassist headed a different direction and eventually formed Fine Young Cannibals with Roland Gift taking vocals. Their Dance hit Ever Fallen In Love was a remake of a song by the seminal punk group the Buzzcocks.

Top 20 Dance Recordings

B-52's - Girl From Ipanema Goes To Greenland (Warner Bros.)
Cameo - Candy (Atlanta Artists)
Company B - Fascinated (Atlantic)
Cover Girls - Show Me (Fever)
Expose - Come Go With Me (Arista)
Fine Young Cannibals - Ever Fallen In Love (I.R.S.)
Gene Loves Jezebel - Desire (Come and Get It) (Geffen)
JM Silk - Let the Music Take Control (RCA)
Jump, Wally, Junior and the Criminal Element - Turn Me Loose (Criminal)
Lattisaw, Stacy - Jump Into My Life (Motown)
Lauper, Cyndi - Change Of Heart (Portrait)
Madonna - Open Your Heart (Sire)
Mel and Kim - Showing Out (Get Fresh At the Weekend) (Atlantic)
Nevil, Robbie - C'est La Vie (Manhattan)
Parker, Paul - One Look (One Look Was Enough) (Dice)
Pet Shop Boys - Disco (EP) (EMI-America)
Sofonda - Pick It Up (Klub)
Starr, Brenda K. - What You See Is What You Get (MCA)
Tia - Boy Toy (RCA)
TKA - Come Get My Love (Tommy Boy) You Get
Tia - Boy Toy
TKA - Come Get My Love

March



In one of Dance music's most stunning solo debuts, Jody Watley, ex-member of the group Shalamar, utilized the production talents of Andre Cymone and David Z, formerly of Prince's Minneapolis crew, to put together Looking For a New Love, a powerful, funky statement of confidence and independence. In his latest Dance music makeover, Herb Alpert enlisted Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis to bring his instrumental prowess up to the current demands of the dance club on the Techno-influenced Keep Your Eye On Me. 17-year old Debbie Gibson wrote and arranged the catchy Pop of her own recording of Only In My Dreams which quickly shot into the top 20 of Dance charts.

Top 20 Dance Recordings

A-Ha - Cry Wolf (Warner Bros.)
Alpert, Herb - Keep Your Eye On Me (A&M)
Brown, Jocelyn - Ego Maniac (Warner Bros.)
Club Nouveau - Lean On Me (Tommy Boy)
Company B - Fascinated (Atlantic)
Cover Girls - Show Me (Fever)
Davis, Rainy - Lowdown So and So (Columbia)
Gibson, Debbie - Only In My Dreams (Atlantic)
Heaven 17 - Contenders (Virgin)
Hipsway - The Honeythief (Columbia)
JM Silk - Let the Music Take Control (RCA)
Jump, Wally, Junior and the Criminal Element - Turn Me Loose (Criminal)
LaBelle, Patti - Something Special (Is Gonna Happen Tonight) (MCA)
Martinez, Nancy - Move Out (Atlantic)
Parker, Paul - One Look (One Look Was Enough) (Dice)
Sinitta - Feels Like the First Time (Omni)
S.O.S. Band - No Lies (Tabu)
Trance-Dance - Do the Dance (Epic)
Watley, Jody - Looking For a New Love (MCA)
Wilde, Kim - You Keep Me Hangin' On (MCA)

April



Aretha Franklin, the Queen of Soul, collaborated with George Michael, just prior to massive solo success with his album Faith, on the glittering Pop of I Knew You Were Waiting (For Me), produced by Narada Michael Walden. Breakfast Club, which once featured Madonna as drummer, hit the Dance charts after nearly a decade in existence with the Pop of Right On Track, co-written by frequent Madonna collaborator Stephen Bray. While the deadly toll of the AIDS epidemic continued behind the scenes in the Dance community, the social consciousness of Prince's Sign O' the Times was a clarion call to awareness of AIDS and a number of other social issues for Dance audiences.

Top 20 Dance Recordings

Alpert, Herb - Keep Your Eye On Me (A&M)
Breakfast Club - Right On Track (MCA)
Cameo - Back and Forth (Atlanta Artists)
Club Nouveau - Lean On Me (Tommy Boy)
Cyre - Last Chance (Fresh)
Davis, Rainy - Lowdown So and So (Columbia)
Dead Or Alive - Something In My House (Epic)
Franklin, Aretha and George Michael - I Knew You Were Waiting (For Me) (Arista)
Georgio - Sexappeal (Picture Perfect)
Heaven 17 - Contenders (Virgin)
Hipsway - The Honeythief (Columbia)
Kraftwerk - The Telephone Call (Warner Bros.)
K.T.P. - Certain Things Are Likely (Magnet)
Prince - Sign O' the Times (Paisley Park)
Sinitta - Feels Like the First Time (Omni)
S.O.S. Band - No Lies (Tabu)
Subject - Never Gonna Leave You (Pow Wow)
Trance-Dance - Do the Dance (Epic)
Watley, Jody - Looking For a New Love (MCA)
Wilde, Kim - You Keep Me Hangin' On (MCA)

May



The hits continued to flow from the Control album for Janet Jackson. The 12-inch release of The Pleasure Principle featured remixes by Shep Pettibone, one of the hottest remixers of the 80's. Day-In Day-Out, the first single from David Bowie's Never Let Me Down album, features strong rock guitar and some of heaviest synth-drums yet in a release by Bowie. The Latin Rascals, key architects of the Freestyle sound and apprentices to Arthur Baker and Shep Pettibone among others, stepped forward as recording artists with their reinterpretation of Classical music on Macho Mozart.

Top 20 Dance Recordings

Bowie, David - Day-In Day-Out (EMI-America)
Breakfast Club - Right On Track (MCA)
Cameo - Back and Forth (Atlanta Artists)
Cyre - Last Chance (Fresh)
Dead Or Alive - Something In My House (Epic)
Harris, Jeanne - Just Another Man (Studio)
Jackson, Janet - The Pleasure Principle (A&M)
Kamen, Nick - Each Time You Break My Heart (Sire)
Kraftwerk - The Telephone Call (Warner Bros.)
K.T.P. - Certain Things Are Likely (Magnet)
Latin Rascals - Macho Mozart (Tin Pan Apple)
Lisa Lisa and Cult Jam - Head To Toe (Columbia)
Mills, Eleanor - Mr. Right (Vinylmania)
Prince - Sign O' the Times (Paisley Park)
Sadie Nine - Let's Work It Out (Omni)
Sylvester - Mutual Attraction (Warner Bros.)
Touch - Without You (Supertronics)
Voice In Fashion - Only In the Night (Atlantic)
Wild Marys - No One Knows (Atlantic)
Williams, Vesta - Don't Blow a Good Thing (A&M)

June



Just as he did with Bruce Springsteen, producer/remixer Arthur Baker took the work of mainstream rock band Fleetwood Mac and turned it into an outstanding club mix. He added an additional keyboard line as well as extra percussion to his remix of Big Love. Originally a track set aside by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis while working on the Human League's Human album, Diamonds was resuscitated for their work with Herb Alpert and, featuring vocals by Janet Jackson and Lisa Keith, it shot to the top of Dance charts. At the young age of 17 Judy Torres established herself as a key Freestyle vocalist with No Reason To Cry.

Top 20 Dance Recordings

Alpert, Herb - Diamonds (A&M)
Book Of Love - Modigliani (Lost In Your Eyes) (Sire)
Erasure - Sometimes (Sire)
Fleetwood Mac - Big Love (Warner Bros.)
Franklin, Aretha - Rock-a-Lott (Arista)
Harding, Carolyn - Movin' On (Emergency)
Harris, Jeanne - Just Another Man (Studio)
Harry, Debbie - In Love With Love (Geffen)
Hendryx, Nona - Why Should I Cry? (EMI-America)
Houston, Whitney - I Wanna Dance With Somebody (Arista)
Jackson, Janet - The Pleasure Principle (A&M)
Kamen, Nick - Each Time You Break My Heart (Sire)
Level 42 - Lessons In Love (Polydor)
Lisa Lisa and Cult Jam - Head To Toe (Columbia)
Mel and Kim - Respectable (Atlantic)
Merge Featuring Debbie A. - Let's Have Some Fun (Atlantic)
Sadie Nine - Let's Work It Out (Omni)
Torres, Judy - No Reason To Cry (Profile)
T'Pau - Heart and Soul (Virgin)
Williams, Vesta - Don't Blow a Good Thing (A&M)

July



Following his ouster from the Clash, Mick Jones formed Big Audio Dynamite, a group that experimented with a blend of Funk, Hip-Hop and Rock that worked well on the dance floor. V. Thirteen marks a reunion with his Clash bandmate Joe Strummer who co-wrote and produced the track. Even the controversy over George Michael's MTV video for I Want Your Sex couldn't disguise the fact that it is a brilliant slice of Electro-Funk. Depeche Mode's room-filling sound of electronic sadness and doom anchored by a gorgeous melody is abundantly present on Strangelove.

Top 20 Dance Recordings

Alpert, Herb - Diamonds (A&M)
Big Audio Dynamite - V. Thirteen (Columbia)
Depeche Mode - Strangelove (Sire)
Franklin, Aretha - Rock-a-Lott (Arista)
Galdez, Dorothy - One Love (A&M)
Georgio - Tina Cherry (Motown)
Harding, Carolyn - Movin' On (Emergency)
Harry, Debbie - In Love With Love (Geffen)
Hendryx, Nona - Why Should I Cry? (EMI-America)
Houston, Whitney - I Wanna Dance With Somebody (Arista)
Living In a Box - Living In a Box (Chrysalis)
Mel and Kim - Respectable (Atlantic)
Michael, George - I Want Your Sex (Columbia)
O'Neal, Alexander - Fake (Tabu)
Pepsi and Shirlie - Heartache (Polydor)
Pseudo Echo - Funky Town (RCA)
Russo, Pam - You Can't Take My Love (4th and Broadway)
Simphonia Featuring Carmen Brown - It Ain't Right (Whatcha Do) (Atlantic)
Sims, Joyce - Lifetime Love (Sleeping Bag)
Watley, Jody - Still a Thrill (MCA)

August



In the summer of 1987 Stock, Aitken and Waterman flexed their production muscle on the Dance charts. I Heard a Rumour from Bananarama's album Wow! continued their hot streak with joyful, Hi-NRG Pop, and Laura Branigan's Shattered Glass uses her strong voice to add some drama to the Stock, Aitken and Waterman mix. In a nod to Northern Soul, ABC celebrated the voice of the great Smokey Robinson with their smoothly soulful When Smokey Sings.

Top 20 Dance Recordings

ABC - When Smokey Sings (Mercury)
Alisha - Into My Secret (RCA)
Bananarama - I Heard a Rumour (London)
Branigan, Laura - Shattered Glass (Atlantic)
Colonel Abrams - How Soon We Forget (MCA)
Depeche Mode - Strangelove (Sire)
Georgio - Tina Cherry (Motown)
Jellybean Featuring Elisa Fiorillo - Who Found Who (Chrysalis)
Jets - Cross My Broken Heart (MCA)
Living In a Box - Living In a Box (Chrysalis)
Michael, George - I Want Your Sex (Columbia)
Nevil, Robbie - Wot's It To Ya (Manhattan)
Noel - Silent Morning (4th and Broadway)
O'Neal, Alexander - Fake (Tabu)
Pepsi and Shirlie - Heartache (Polydor)
Pretty Poison - Catch Me I'm Falling (Virgin)
Promise Circle - Be Mine Tonight (Atlantic)
Sims, Joyce - Lifetime Love (Sleeping Bag)
Some, Belouis - Let It Be With You (Capitol)
Will To Power - Dreamin' (Epic)

September



Cut and paste sampling in Dance music hit big on the Arthur Baker project Put the Needle To the Record by Criminal Element Orchestra which utilized snippets of Prince's Kiss. This record would in turn be sampled on M.A.R.R.S. Pump Up the Volume. Composed in part of past members of Post-Punk groups A Certain Ratio and Magazine, Swing Out Sister filled their hit Breakout with real horns and real strings for a retro 60's Pop feel. New Order's True Faith is a near flawless example of state-of-the-art electronic Dance music from 1987 complete with a stunning mime-performed music video.

Top 20 Dance Recordings

ABC - When Smokey Sings (Mercury)
Adams, John - Strip This Heart (A&M)
Bananarama - I Heard a Rumour (London)
Black Britain - Funky Nassau (Virgin)
Cherry, Ava - Good Intentions (Capitol)
Colonel Abrams - How Soon We Forget (MCA)
Company B - Full Circle (Atlantic)
Criminal Element Orchestra - Put the Needle To the Record (Criminal)
Daily, E.G. - Mind Over Matter (A&M)
Erasure - Victim Of Love (Sire)
Expose - Let Me Be the One (Arista)
Jellybean Featuring Elisa Fiorillo - Who Found Who (Chrysalis)
Lisa Lisa and Cult Jam - Lost In Emotion (Columbia)
New Order - True Faith (Qwest)
Noel - Silent Morning (4th and Broadway)
Pepsi and Shirlie - Heartache (Polydor)
Pretty Poison - Catch Me I'm Falling (Virgin)
Promise Circle - Be Mine Tonight (Atlantic)
Swing Out Sister - Breakout (Mercury)
Watley, Jody - Don't You Want Me (MCA)

October



5 years after he released the world's bestselling album of all time Michael Jackson returned with Bad, a flamboyant slice of Rock that also worked well for dancers. The Pet Shop Boys upped the melodrama in their swipe at singer Neil Tennant's Catholic upbringing on It's a Sin. Taylor Dayne blasted to the top of the ranks of Dance divas with her powerful voice on her debut single Tell It To My Heart.

Top 20 Dance Recordings

Company B - Full Circle (Atlantic)
Dayne, Taylor - Tell It To My Heart (Arista)
Dean, Hazell - Always Doesn't Mean Forever (Capitol)
Erasure - Victim Of Love (Sire)
Expose - Let Me Be the One (Arista)
Jackson, Michael - Bad (Epic)
Jellybean Featuring Steven Dante - The Real Thing (Chrysalis)
Kah, Hubert - Military Drums (Curb)
Lisa Lisa and Cult Jam - Lost In Emotion (Columbia)
Madame X - Just That Type Of Girl (Atlantic)
Madonna - Causing a Commotion (Sire)
Makossa, Jack E. - The Opera House (Minimal)
New Order - True Faith (Qwest)
Pet Shop Boys - It's a Sin (EMI-Manhattan)
Rick and Lisa - When You Gonna (RCA)
Stock, Aitken, Waterman - Roadblock (A&M)
Summer, Donna - Dinner With Gershwin (Geffen)
Sybil - My Love Is Guaranteed (Next Plateau)
Tiger Moon - Something Tells Me (Atlantic)
Watley, Jody - Don't You Want Me (MCA)

November



4AD record label executive Ivo Watts-Russell put together M.A.R.R.S. from the ranks of Colourbox and AR Kane. They were given the task of fusing classic Soul rhythms and samples with contemporary electronic music. The result was Pump Up the Volume, one of the most influential Dance recordings of the late 80's with its abundant use of samples and Hip Hop-oriented rhythms. Ten City, one of the first widely successful House groups, appeared in the Dance charts on Devotion. Nitzer Ebb brought Industrial Dance music to the masses with their hit Join In the Chant.

Top 20 Dance Recordings

ABC - The Night You Murdered Love (Mercury)
Breakfast Club - Never Be the Same (MCA)
Cover Girls - Because Of You (Fever)
Dayne, Taylor - Tell It To My Heart (Arista)
Depeche Mode - Never Let Me Down Again (Sire)
Earth, Wind and Fire - System Of Survival (Columbia)
Georgio - Lover's Lane (Motown)
Gibson, Debbie - Shake Your Love (Atlantic)
Jackson, Michael - Bad (Epic)
Kah, Hubert - Military Drums (Curb)
Madonna - Causing a Commotion (Sire)
M.A.R.R.S. - Pump Up the Volume (4th and Broadway)
Michael, George - Hard Day (Columbia)
Nitzer Ebb - Join In the Chant (Geffen)
Pet Shop Boys - It's a Sin (EMI-Manhattan)
Some, Belouis - Animal Magic (Capitol)
Stock, Aitken, Waterman - Roadblock (A&M)
Sybil - My Love Is Guaranteed (Next Plateau)
Ten City - Devotion (Atlantic)
Turner, Tina - Afterglow (Capitol)

December



INXS exploded into Pop superstardom with their album Kick including the intensely funky and sexy Need You Tonight as its leadoff. The Calloway Brothers produced Gladys Knight and the Pips return to the upper reaches of the Dance charts on the elegant Love Overboard. One of the Stock, Aitken and Waterman production team's greatest triumphs was their work on the debut album by Rick Astley. Never Gonna Give You Up combines Astley's deeply soulful vocals, lush strings, romanticism of early Disco, and thoroughly contemporary production sheen for an instant classic.

Top 20 Dance Recordings

ABC - The Night You Murdered Love (Mercury)
Astley, Rick - Never Gonna Give You Up (RCA)
Bananarama - I Can't Help It (London)
Breakfast Club - Never Be the Same (MCA)
Depeche Mode - Never Let Me Down Again (Sire)
Earth, Wind and Fire - System Of Survival (Columbia)
Georgio - Lover's Lane (Motown)
Gibson, Debbie - Shake Your Love (Atlantic)
Gladys Knight and the Pips - Love Overboard (MCA)
Houston, Whitney - So Emotional (Arista)
INXS - Need You Tonight (Atlantic)
Jackson, Michael - The Way You Make Me Feel (Epic)
Les Rita Mitsouko - Andy (Virgin)
M.A.R.R.S. - Pump Up the Volume (4th and Broadway)
Nitzer Ebb - Join In the Chant (Geffen)
Nocera - Let's Go (Sleeping Bag)
Pet Shop Boys and Dusty Springfield - What Have I Done To Deserve This? (EMI-Manhattan)
Rocca, John - Move (Criminal)
Supertramp - I'm Beggin' You (A&M)
Turner, Tina - Afterglow (Capitol)

GEORGE MICHAEL - I Want Your Sex
EXPOSE - Let Me Be The One
JODY WATLEY - Looking For A New Love
GLADYS KNIGHT & THE PIPS - Love Overboard
MARRS - Pump Up The Volume
COVER GIRLS - Show Me
PRINCE - Housequake
GEORGIO - Sex Appeal
MICHAEL JACKSON - Bad
MICHAEL JACKSON - The Way You Make Me Feel
PRETTY POISON - Catch Me (I'm Falling)
WHISPERS - Rock Steady
MADONNA - Where's The Party
GEORGIO - Tina Cherry
NOEL - Silent Morning
WHITNEY HOUSTON - So Emotional
WHITNEY HOUSTON - I Wanna Dance With Somebody (Who Loves Me)
MEL & KIM - Showing Out
TAYLOR DAYNE - Tell It To My Heart
MADONNA - Causing A Commotion
COMPANY B - Full Circle
JELLYBEAN - Who Found Who
JETS - Cross My Broken Heart
NEW ORDER - Bizarre Love Triangle
S.O.S. BAND - No Lies
SHEENA EASTON & PRINCE - You Got The Look
DEAD OR ALIVE - Brand New Lover
BANANARAMA - I Heard A Rumor
PEPSI & SHIRLIE - Heartache
MEL & KIM - Respectable
DEBBIE GIBSON - Shake Your Love
DEBBIE GIBSON - Only In My Dreams
NATALIE COLE - Jump Start
SALT-N-PEPA - Push It
MIAMI SOUND MACHINE - Rhythm Is Gonna Get You
FAT BOYS & THE BEACH BOYS - Wipeout
KIM WILDE - You Keep Me Hanging On
PET SHOP BOYS - It's A Sin
TIFFANY - I Think We're Alone Now
PAUL LEKAKIS - Boom Boom Boom
DEAD OR ALIVE - Something In My House

THE 80´s COLLECTION - 1987



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